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来源|杜彦君科学网博客
下面是该教授给出的建议:
第一段: 提出一个有普遍意义的理论(broad theory),阐述为什么这个理论重要。
第二段: 详细介绍你本文要研究的科学问题;之后,读者才会知道你的研究结果是如何与“有普遍意义的理论”相联系的。
第3-5段:把现有结果按照第2段科学问题的顺序排列,让每一个结果都能够清楚地与研究假说相匹配。
最后一段:给出一个“大结论”(big conclusion);是否有“普遍意义的理论或假说”被验证或部分被验证?同时提出本研究可能的缺陷(caveats or drawbacks) ;最后给出本研究对于未来研究的意义,即下一步需要做哪些工作。
下面附上该教授给我的回复,供大家写作Science和Nature文章时参考,相信很有参考价值。
To get acceptedat Science, it has to be written very concisely and clearly. Your manuscript gets bogged down in a couple places and loses its focus.
So, before I start detailed editing, I want to clarify the organization. Please rewrite it following this very specific formula:
> First paragraph: State the broad theory and why it's important. Your first paragraph is already reasonably good, and you can leave it for now.
> Second paragraph: State precisely the questions you will address in the paper. After this, the reader will know exactly what your results will show and how they relate to the overall theory.
> Paragraphs 3-5: Present results in the same order you state the questions in paragraph 2. That is, make it clear that each result address the hypotheses posed. (The number of paragraphs should match the number of main results.)
> Final paragraph: State the big conclusion. Was the theory confirmed orrejected? (Okay if some parts were confirmed, other parts not.) Mention caveats or possible drawbacks. Then give a broad statement on implications or future work. What is needed next?
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......