本文转载自公众号：BioArt
日前，自然出版集团更新了最新的自然指数(统计时间节点为2017年01月01——2017年12月31)。借助此指数可以很直观的一窥国内生命科学研究机构发表的高端论文的排名。
自然指数所包含的生物学期刊应该说是代表了目前公认的生命科学领域的权威期刊，但是仍然有很多不足的地方，例如老牌生化杂志JBC入选其中，但是像Cell Research、eLife、Cell Reports这样的综合性优质期刊则不在其中。这个名单还忽略了很多高水平的专业领域一流期刊，比如植物领域的The Plant Cell和近几年刚推出Nature Plants，还有国内主办的Molecular Plants；基础和转化医学领域的JEM、STM、JCI、Blood、Leukemia、Gastroenterology等；心血管领域的Circulation、Circulation Research等（虽然可以归为医学杂志，但是绝大部分仍然发表的还是基础研究成果）。随着近几年来越来越多的高水平新杂志出现，自然指数应该重新评估这份期刊名单，需要进行适当的扩充，这样才不至于偏废。最近几年Nature新推出了几份子刊，Science也推出了Science Immuology、Science Advances，适当增加一些杂志还是很有操作性的。
自然指数于2014年11月首次发布，纳入指数的68种自然科学期刊由在职科学家所组成的两个独立小组选出，评选小组组长分别为伦敦大学学院John Morton教授和伦敦国王学院孙引飚博士。此外，还进行了一次大规模的调查来最终确定入选期刊。据施普林格•自然估计，这68种期刊约占自然科学期刊总引用量的30%。NPG要求每一位专家组成员列出最可能发表各自最好成果的科学期刊，不超过10个，并按优先度排序。这里没有考虑诸如影响因子之类的量化指标，完全依赖这些精英学者的学术判断力。换句话说，拼的是期刊的口碑。排在第一位期刊赋10分，第二位9分，依此类推，记录期刊的总得分和推荐的专家数。组长据此评价每种期刊的声望，得到期刊的初选结果。根据公布的68种期刊，BioArt列出了与生命科学相关的期刊（包括生态学），这些期刊几乎占据了全部68种期刊的半壁江山，名单如下：
American Journal of Human Genetics丨Cancer Cell 丨Cell 丨Cell Host & Microbe丨Cell Metabolism丨Cell Stem Cell丨Current Biology丨Developmental Cell丨Ecology 丨Ecology Letters丨Genes & Development 丨Genome Research丨Immunity 丨JBC丨Journal of Cell Biology丨Journalof Clinical Investigation丨Journal of Neuroscience丨Molecular Cell丨Nature丨Nature Biotechnology丨Nature Cell Biology丨Nature Communications丨Nature Genetics丨Nature Immunology丨Nature Medicine丨Nature Neuroscience丨NSMB丨Neuron丨PLOS Biology丨PNAS 丨Science丨The EMBO Journal.
排名方法：
论文计数 (article count/AC) - 不论一篇文章有一个还是多个作者，每位作者所在的国家或机构都获得1个AC分值。
分数式计量（fractional count/FC）- FC考虑的是每位论文作者的相对贡献。一篇文章的FC总分值为1，在假定每人的贡献是相同的情况下，该分值由所有作者平等共享。例如，一篇论文有十个作 者，那每位作者的FC得分为0.1。如果作者有多个工作单位，那其个人FC分值将在这些工作单位中再进行平均分配。
加权分数式计量（weighted fractional count/WFC）- 即为FC增加权重，以调整占比过多的天文学和天体物理学论文。这两个学科有四种期刊入选自然指数，其发表的论文量约占该领域国际期刊论文发表量的50%， 大致相当于其它学科的五倍。因此，尽管其数据编制方法与其他学科相同，但这四种期刊上论文的权重为其他论文的1/5。
以下为中国科研机构（包括香港地区）具体排行榜前100（按分数式计量排名，事实上这个算法也不那么科学，应该考虑第一作者和通讯作者所占的权重，而不是假定每位作者的贡献相同），值得注意的是香港地区高校排名都在十名之外：
| Institution | AC | FC | WFC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) | 518 | 162.41 | 162.41 |
| 2. | Peking University (PKU) | 178 | 72.45 | 72.45 |
| 3. | Tsinghua University (TH) | 149 | 45.23 | 45.23 |
| 4. | Fudan University | 121 | 36.56 | 36.56 |
| 5. | Zhejiang University (ZJU) | 114 | 36.19 | 36.19 |
| 6. | Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) | 125 | 35.09 | 35.09 |
| 7. | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) | 183 | 30.24 | 30.24 |
| 8. | People's Liberation Army (PLA) | 125 | 22.30 | 22.30 |
| 9. | Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) | 73 | 19.39 | 19.39 |
| 10. | University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) | 69 | 18.79 | 18.79 |
| 11. | The University of Hong Kong (HKU) | 55 | 17.47 | 17.47 |
| 12. | Nanjing University (NJU) | 49 | 17.35 | 17.35 |
| 13. | Xiamen University (XMU) | 45 | 16.28 | 16.28 |
| 14. | Wuhan University (WHU) | 47 | 16.02 | 16.02 |
| 15. | Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) | 55 | 14.18 | 14.18 |
| 16. | The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) | 34 | 12.99 | 12.99 |
| 17. | Shandong University (SDU) | 59 | 12.63 | 12.63 |
| 18. | Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC) | 60 | 12.57 | 12.57 |
| 19. | Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) | 44 | 12.26 | 12.26 |
| 20. | China Agricultural University (CAU) | 38 | 11.73 | 11.73 |
| 21. | Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) | 24 | 11.38 | 11.38 |
| 22. | Tongji University | 48 | 10.25 | 10.25 |
| 23. | National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (NIBS) | 43 | 9.69 | 9.69 |
| 24. | Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU) | 22 | 9.01 | 9.01 |
| 25. | Tianjin Medical University (TMC) | 33 | 8.91 | 8.91 |
| 26. | Soochow University | 32 | 8.35 | 8.35 |
| 27. | Sichuan University (SCU) | 35 | 8.15 | 8.15 |
| 28. | Beijing Normal University (BNU) | 17 | 7.97 | 7.97 |
| 29. | Nanjing Medical University (NJMU) | 38 | 7.80 | 7.80 |
| 30. | Nankai University (NKU) | 25 | 7.64 | 7.64 |
| 31. | Wenzhou Medical University (WMU) | 24 | 6.99 | 6.99 |
| 32. | Southeast University (SEU) | 15 | 5.59 | 5.59 |
| 33. | ShanghaiTech University | 43 | 5.37 | 5.37 |
| 34. | Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU) | 16 | 5.29 | 5.29 |
| 35. | East China Normal University (ECNU) | 26 | 5.19 | 5.19 |
| 36. | Northwest A&F University (NWAFU) | 15 | 4.98 | 4.98 |
| 37. | Hangzhou Normal University (HZNU) | 13 | 4.89 | 4.89 |
| 38. | Shenzhen University (SZU) | 17 | 4.84 | 4.84 |
| 39. | Central South University (CSU) | 35 | 4.50 | 4.50 |
| 40. | Beijing University of Technology (BJUT) | 25 | 4.46 | 4.46 |
| 41. | Jinan University (JNU) | 34 | 4.40 | 4.40 |
| 42. | BGI | 24 | 4.34 | 4.34 |
| 43. | Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) | 20 | 3.85 | 3.85 |
| 44. | Capital Medical University | 28 | 3.85 | 3.85 |
| 45. | Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU) | 18 | 3.39 | 3.39 |
| 46. | Jilin University (JLU) | 19 | 3.37 | 3.37 |
| 47. | Southern Medical University (SMU) | 23 | 3.36 | 3.36 |
| 48. | Southwest University (SWU) | 10 | 3.25 | 3.25 |
| 49. | Guangzhou Medical University (GMU) | 22 | 3.18 | 3.18 |
| 50. | Capital Normal University (CNU) | 10 | 3.16 | 3.16 |
| 51. | Ocean University of China (OUC) | 9 | 2.88 | 2.88 |
| 52. | Northeast Normal University (NENU) | 5 | 2.87 | 2.87 |
| 53. | China Medical University (CMU) | 9 | 2.74 | 2.74 |
| 54. | Shandong Agricultural University (SDAU) | 7 | 2.62 | 2.62 |
| 55. | East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) | 32 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| 56. | Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) | 7 | 2.38 | 2.38 |
| 57. | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) | 16 | 2.15 | 2.15 |
| 58. | City University of Hong Kong (CityU) | 7 | 2.07 | 2.07 |
| 59. | Tianjin University (TJU) | 16 | 2.03 | 2.03 |
| 60. | Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| 61. | South China Agricultural University (SCAU) | 6 | 2 | 2 |
| 62. | Zhengzhou University (ZZU) | 16 | 1.98 | 1.98 |
| 63. | Nantong University (NTU) | 11 | 1.88 | 1.88 |
| 64. | Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU) | 15 | 1.80 | 1.80 |
| 65. | Lanzhou University (LZU) | 5 | 1.77 | 1.77 |
| 66. | Zhejiang Ocean University (ZOU) | 2 | 1.63 | 1.63 |
| 67. | Shanghai University (SHU) | 7 | 1.61 | 1.61 |
| 68. | Jiangnan University (JU) | 6 | 1.60 | 1.60 |
| 69. | Northwest University (NWU) | 6 | 1.55 | 1.55 |
| 70. | Hebei Medical University (HEBMU) | 5 | 1.55 | 1.55 |
| 71. | Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT) | 3 | 1.43 | 1.43 |
| 72. | Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NUST) | 4 | 1.37 | 1.37 |
| 73. | Dalian University of Technology (DUT) | 4 | 1.34 | 1.34 |
| 74. | South China Normal University (SCNU) | 5 | 1.30 | 1.30 |
| 75. | Dalian Medical University (DMU) | 6 | 1.26 | 1.26 |
| 76. | Northeast Agricultural University (NEAU) | 3 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 77. | Nanchang University (NCU) | 11 | 1.21 | 1.21 |
| 78. | Jiangsu University (JSU) | 6 | 1.21 | 1.21 |
| 79. | China Pharmaceutical University (CPU) | 10 | 1.13 | 1.13 |
| 80. | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) | 5 | 1.08 | 1.08 |
| 81. | Yangzhou University (YZU) | 4 | 1.08 | 1.08 |
| 82. | Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research (NIBR) | 3 | 1.08 | 1.08 |
| 83. | Shantou University (STU) | 4 | 1.05 | 1.05 |
| 84. | Hubei University (HUBU) | 3 | 1.02 | 1.02 |
| 85. | Qingdao University (QU) | 11 | 1 | 1 |
| 86. | Hunan University of Science and Technology (HNUST) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 87. | Beijing Museum of Natural History | 3 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| 88. | Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) | 3 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| 89. | Anhui Medical University (AHMU) | 12 | 0.97 | 0.97 |
| 90. | Chongqing Medical University (CQMU) | 6 | 0.96 | 0.96 |
| 91. | Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (SPU) | 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 |
| 92. | Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) | 2 | 0.92 | 0.92 |
| 93. | Hunan University (HNU) | 2 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
| 94. | Sichuan Agricultural University (SAU) | 5 | 0.78 | 0.78 |
| 95. | Shanghai Ocean University (SHOU) | 4 | 0.76 | 0.76 |
| 96. | Xuzhou Medical University (XZMC) | 5 | 0.76 | 0.76 |
| 97. | China University of Geosciences (CUG) | 5 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
| 98. | University of Macau (UM) | 12 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
| 99. | Hunan Agricultural University (HAU) | 3 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| 100. | Wuhan University of Science and Technology (WUST) | 1 | 0.67 | 0.67 |